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India

Brief History of India

India, located in South Asia, is the world's second most populous country and largest democracy. Indian history dates back to 5,000 years ago originating in the Indus Valley civilization with influence from the Dravidian, Aryan, Turkish and Arab cultures. During the 19 th century, India was ruled by Great Britain and gained its independence in 1947 through the non-violent movement led by Mohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru.

Since its independence, India has fought three wars with its neighbor Pakistan over Kashmir land, struggled with internal conflicts between Hindus and Muslims, and has an historical caste system that causes tension in Indian society. Today India has a thriving middle class, however, a large percentage of the population still lives in poverty. India is known for information technology services and its booming Hindi film industry known as "Bollywood."

India Motto:
Satyameva Jayate (Truth alone triumphs)

Capital City: New Dehli
Major Cities: Mumbai (Bombay), Calcutta, Hyderabad

Population: 1.1 billion (official figure, 2005)

Size: Approximately one-third size of United States

Religion: Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism

Languages: Hindi, English, and 17 other official Languages

Exports: Agricultural products, gems and jewellery, software services, and information technology

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